Surge mudziviriri, inonziwo mheni inodzivirira, chishandiso chemagetsi chinopa chengetedzo yemhando dzakasiyana dzemidziyo yemagetsi, zviridzwa, uye mitsara yekutaurirana. Kana spike ikozvino kana voltage inongoerekana yagadzirwa mumagetsi emagetsi kana dunhu rekutaurirana nekuda kwekuvhiringidza kwekunze, kuvhiya. mudziviriri anogona kuitisa uye shunt munguva pfupi kwazvo, kuitira kudzivirira kuvhiya kubva pakukuvadza zvimwe midziyo iri mudunhu. imwe mukaha pakati pavo, imwe yakabatanidzwa kune simba chikamu mutsara L1 kana kusarerekera mutsara (N) yeinodiwa yekudzivirira mudziyo Yakabatanidzwa, imwe simbi tsvimbo yakabatana kune pasi waya (PE). Kana pakarepo overvoltage ichirova, gap rinoputsika, uye chikamu che overvoltage charge chinopinzwa muvhu, kudzivirira kuwedzera kwevoltage pamidziyo yakadzivirirwa.Kureba pakati pematanda maviri esimbi mugomba rekuburitsa rinogona kugadziriswa sezvinodiwa. , uye chimiro chacho chiri nyore, asi chinokanganisa ndechokuti arc yekudzima kushanda haina kunaka.Iyo yakagadziridzwa yekubudisa gap igomba rekona. Iyo arc yekudzima basa iri nani pane yekutanga. Inotsamira pane simba remagetsi F redunhu uye kusimuka kwemhepo inopisa inoyerera kudzima arc.
Iyo gas discharge chubhu inoumbwa nepeya inotonhora cathode maplate akaparadzaniswa kubva kune mumwe uye akavharirwa mugirazi chubhu kana ceramic chubhu yakazadzwa neimwe inert gasi (Ar) .Kuitira kuvandudza mukana wekukonzeresa wechubhu yekuburitsa, pane an auxiliary triggering agent in the discharge chubhu.Iyi gasi-yakazadzwa discharge tube ine maviri-pole type uye matatu-pole type. Iyo tekinoroji paramita yechubhu yekuburitsa gasi inonyanya kusanganisira: DC discharge voltage Udc; impulse discharge voltage Up (kazhinji Up≈(2～3) Udc; simba frequency The current In; the impact and the current Ip; the insulation resistance R (>109Ω); iyo inter-electrode capacitance (1-5PF). discharge chubhu inogona kushandiswa pasi pezvese DC uye AC mamiriro.Iyo yakasarudzwa DC yekuburitsa voltage Udc yakaita seiyi: Shandisa pasi peDC mamiriro: Udc≥1.8U0 (U0 ndiyo DC voltage yeakajairika mutsara kushanda) Shandisa pasi pe AC mamiriro: U dc≥ 1.44Un (Un ndiyo yakakosha kukosha kwe AC voltage kune yakajairika mutsara mashandiro) Iyo varistor yakavakirwa paZnO Sezvo chikamu chikuru chesimbi oxide semiconductor isiri-mutsara kuramba, kana magetsi akaiswa kumigumo ayo maviri asvika pane imwe kukosha, Kupikisa kunonyanya kunzwisiswa nevoltiji.Nsimboti yekushanda kwayo yakaenzana neseve uye parallel kubatana kwemultiple semiconductor PNs.. Hunhu hwevaristors hausi mutsetse Wakanaka mutsara maitiro (I=non-mutsara coefficient α muCUα), yakakura ikozvino. huwandu (~ 2KA/cm2), yakaderera yakajairika kuvuza zera remazuva ano (10-7～10-6A), yakaderera residual voltage (zvichienderana nebasa revaristor Voltage uye ikozvino simba), kukurumidza kupindura nguva kune inopfuudza overvoltage (~ 10-8s), hapana freewheeling. Iyo tekinoroji paramita yevaristor inonyanya kusanganisira: varistor voltage (kureva switching voltage) UN, referensi voltage Ulma; residual voltage Ures; residual voltage ratio K (K=Ures/UN); yakawandisa ikozvino kugona Imax; leakage current; nguva yekupindura. Mamiriro ekushandisa evaristor ndeaya: varistor voltage: UN≥[(√2×1.2)/0.7] Uo (Uo ndiyo yakatemerwa voltage yeindasitiri frequency magetsi) Minimum reference voltage: Ulma ≥ (1.8 ~ 2) Uac (yakashandiswa pasi pemamiriro eDC) Ulma ≥ (2.2 ~ 2.5) Uac (inoshandiswa pasi pe AC mamiriro, Uac ndiyo AC inoshanda voltage) Iyo yakanyanya kutariswa voltage yevaristor inofanirwa kutariswa nekumira kwemagetsi echigadzirwa chemagetsi chakachengetedzwa, uye yakasara voltage iyo varistor inofanirwa kunge yakadzikira pane yekurasikirwa kwevoltage level yechigadzirwa chemagetsi chakachengetedzwa, chinoti (Ulma) max≤Ub/K, iri pamusoro fomula K ndiyo yakasara voltage reshiyo, Ub ndiko kurasikirwa kwemagetsi emidziyo yakadzivirirwa.
Suppressor diode Suppressor diode ine basa rekuvhara uye kudzikamisa voltage. Inoshanda mune reverse kuputsa nzvimbo. Nekuda kweiyo yakaderera clamping voltage uye nekukurumidza kuita chiito, inonyanya kukodzera kune mashoma ekupedzisira mazinga ekudzivirira mumaseketi ekudzivirira akawanda. element.Iyo volt-ampere maitiro edhiodhi yekudzvanyirira munzvimbo yekuputsika inogona kuratidzwa neinotevera formula: I=CUα, apo α ndiyo isiri mutsetse coefficient, yeZener diode α=7～9, muavalanche diode α= 5～7. Kudzvanya diode Iwo makuru tekinoroji paramita ndeaya: ⑴ Yakatemerwa breakdown voltage, iyo inoreva kuparara kwemagetsi pasi peyakatsanangurwa reverse breakdown current (kazhinji lma). Kana iri Zener diode, iyo yakatemerwa breakdown voltage inowanzo iri pakati pe2.9V～4.7V , Uye iyo yakatemerwa breakdown voltage yeavalanche diode inowanzo iri pakati pe5.6V kusvika 200V.⑵Maximum clamping voltage: Inoreva kune yepamusoro-soro. voltage inoonekwa kumagumo ese echubhu kana hombe yewaveform yataurwa yapfuura.⑶ Simba rekupuruzira: Rinoreva chigadzirwa cheiyo yakanyanya clamping voltage kumagumo ese echubhu uye kukosha kwakaenzana kweiyo ikozvino muchubhu. pasi peiyo yakataurwa yazvino waveform (senge 10/1000μs) ⑷ Reverse displacement voltage: Inoreva iyo yakanyanya voltage inogona kuiswa kumigumo yese yechubhu mune reverse leakage zone, uye chubhu haifanirwe kuputswa pasi peiyo voltage. .Iri reverse displacement voltage inofanira kunge yakakwirisa zvakanyanya kupfuura peak yekushandisa voltage yeyakachengetedzwa yemagetsi system, kureva kuti, haigone kuve mune isina kusimba conduction state kana system iri kushanda zvakajairika.⑸Maximum leakage current: zvinoreva iyo yakanyanya reverse ikozvino inoyerera muchubhu pasi pechiito che reverse displacement voltage.⑹Response time: 10-11s Choke coil The choke coil i common mode interference suppression device ine ferrite sepakati. Iyo ine macoil maviri ehukuru hwakafanana uye huwandu hwakafanana hwekutendeuka akakuvara zvakaenzana pane imwecheteyo ferrite Iyo ina-terminal mudziyo inoumbwa pane muviri toroidal core, iyo ine kudzvinyirira mhedzisiro pane yakakura inductance ye common-mode. chiratidzo, asi chine zvazvinoita padiki inductance yekudonha kwechiratidzo chekusiyanisa-modhi.Kushandiswa kwemakoiri akadzipa mumitsetse yakadzikama kunogona kudzvanyirira zvinozivikanwa masaini ekuvhiringidza maitiro (akadai semheni kupindira) pasina kukanganisa kufambiswa kwakajairika kwemasaini emhando dzakasiyana pa mutsara.Kudzipwa kwecoil kunofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa zvinotevera panguva yekugadzirwa: 1) Maronda akakuvadzwa pamusimboti wecoil anofanirwa kuvharwa kubva kune mumwe nemumwe kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti hapana kuparara kwepfupi-kutenderera kunoitika pakati pekutendeuka kwekoiri pasi pechiito chekukurumidza overvoltage. 2) Kana hombe pakare pakarepo ichiyerera kuburikidza nekoiri, iyo magineti musimboti haifanirwe kuzara.3) Iyo magineti musimboti mukoiri inofanira kuvharirwa kubva coil kudzivirira kuparara pakati pezviviri pasi pechiito chekupfuura overvoltage.4) Iyo coil inofanira kukuvadzwa muchikamu chimwe chete sezvinobvira. Izvi zvinogona kuderedza parasitic capacitance yekoiri uye kuwedzera kugona kwekoiri kuti ikwanise kumira nekukurumidza overvoltage.1/4 wavelength short-circuit device 1/4-wavelength short-circuit device is microwave signal surge protector yakagadzirwa zvichienderana nekuongororwa kwemheni. masaisai uye yakamira wave dzidziso yeantenna uye feeder. Kureba kwesimbi pfupi-circuit bar mumudziviriri uyu kunobva pachiratidzo chekushanda The frequency (yakadai se900MHZ kana 1800MHZ) inotarirwa nehukuru hwe 1/4 wavelength. Kureba kweparallel shorting bar kune impedance isingagumi ye kuwanda kwechiratidzo chekushanda, icho chakaenzana nedunhu rakavhurika uye hachikanganisa kutapurirana kwechiratidzo. Zvisinei, nokuda kwemafungu emheni, nokuti simba remheni rinonyanya kugoverwa pasi pe n + KHZ, iyi shorting bar Ipedance yemheni yemheni iduku zvikuru, iyo yakaenzana nepfupi pfupi, uye simba remheni rinoputika muvhu. dhayamita ye1/4-wavelength short-circuit bar inowanzoita mamilimita mashoma, iko zvino kupikisa kuita kwakanaka, kunogona kusvika kudarika 30KA (8/20μs), uye yakasara voltage idiki kwazvo. Iyi yasara voltage inonyanya kukonzerwa neiyo short-circuit bar's inductance. Izvo zvisingabatsiri ndezvekuti bhendi remagetsi remagetsi rinenge rakatetepa, uye bandwidth inenge 2% kusvika 20%. Chimwe chikanganiso ndechekuti hazvigoneke kuwedzera DC bias kune antenna feeder nzvimbo, iyo inomisa mamwe maapplication.
Hierarchical protection of surge protectors (inozivikanwawo semheni dziviriro) hierarchical protection Nekuti simba remheni rinorova rakakura kwazvo, zvinodikanwa kuti zvishoma nezvishoma ubvise simba remheni inorova pasi kuburikidza nenzira yehierarchical discharge.Mheni yekutanga-yepamusoro mudziyo wekudzivirira unogona kuburitsa mheni yakananga ikozvino, kana kuburitsa simba rakakura rinoitwa kana tambo yekufambisa magetsi yarohwa nemheni. Kune nzvimbo dzinogona kuitika mheni yakananga, CLASS-I kudzivirira mheni kunofanirwa kuitwa.Chidziviriro chechipiri chekudzivirira mheni chigadziro chekudzivirira chemagetsi akasara emudziyo wekudzivirira mheni wepamberi uye mheni yakakonzera kurova munzvimbo. . Kana mheni yemberi ichirova simba rekunyudza kunoitika, pachine chikamu chemidziyo kana yechitatu-chikamu chekudzivirira mheni. Isimba rakakura kwazvo resimba rinozofambiswa, uye rinoda kuwedzerwa kunyudzwa neyechipiri-chikamu chekudzivirira mheni. Panguva imwecheteyo, tambo yekufambisa ichipfuura nepakati-yekutanga-chikamu chekudzivirira mheni ichaitawo mheni. electromagnetic pulse radiation LEMP. Kana mutsara wakareba zvakakwana, simba remheni yakakonzerwa inova yakakura zvakakwana, uye chechipiri chechipiri chekudzivirira mheni chinodiwa kuti uwedzere kuburitsa simba remheni.Chigadzirwa chechitatu chekudzivirira mheni chinodzivirira LEMP uye simba remheni rinosara richipfuura. chechipiri chechipiri chekudzivirira mheni.Chinangwa chechikamu chekutanga chekudzivirira ndechekudzivirira kupisa kwemhepo kubva kunzvimbo yeLPZ0 kuenda munzvimbo yeLPZ1, uye kuderedza simba rekuwedzera kwemakumi ezviuru kusvika kumazana ezviuru volts kusvika 2500-3000V. Iyo magetsi ekudzivirira ekudzivirira akaiswa padivi repasi-voltage yeimba yemagetsi transformer inofanira kunge iri matatu-phase voltage switch-type simba rekudzivirira kudzivirira seyekutanga nhanho yekudzivirira, uye mheni yayo inoyerera haifanirwe kuve. isingasviki 60KA.Iyi nhanho yekudzivirira kwesimba rekudzivirira inofanira kunge yakakura-yakawanda simba rekudzivirira simba rakabatanidzwa pakati pechikamu chimwe nechimwe chemutsara unouya wemagetsi emushandisi s. ystem uye pasi.Inowanzo kudiwa kuti iyi nhanho yesimba rekuvhiya inodzivirira ine yakanyanya kukanganisa kugona inodarika 100KA pachikamu, uye inodiwa yekugumira voltage isingasviki 1500V, inodaidzwa kuti CLASS I power surge protector.Idzi magetsi emagetsi emagetsi. Midziyo yekudzivirira yakanyatsogadzirirwa kukurira mafungu makuru emheni uye mheni inokonzeresa uye kukwezva mafungu ane simba guru, anogona kuvharira mafungu makuru emhepo kusvika pasi. Zvinongopa kudzivirira kwepakati-mwero (iyo yakanyanya voltage inoonekwa pa mutsara kana iyo impulse current ichiyerera nepakati pesimba rekusurge arrester inonzi limit voltage), nekuti CLASS I vadziviriri vanonyanya kutora masurge currents. Havagoni kuchengetedza zvakakwana midziyo yemagetsi inonzwisisika mukati memagetsi emagetsi.Iyo yekutanga-yepamusoro-soro simba mheni inosunga inogona kudzivirira 10/350μs, 100KA mheni wave, uye inosvika pakudzivirira kwepamusoro-soro kwakatarwa neIEC.The technical reference is: the lightning flow rate. yakakura kudarika kana kuenzana ne100KA (10/350μs); iyo yakasara voltage value haina kukura kupfuura 2.5KV; nguva yekupindura ishoma kudarika kana kuenzana ne100ns. Chinangwa chechipiri chekudzivirira ndechekuwedzera kudzikamisa kukosha kwemhepo yakasara yekuputika inopfuura nepakati pekutanga kwekuvhara mheni kusvika ku1500-2000V, uye kushandisa equipotential connection yeLPZ1- LPZ2.Iyo simba rekudzivirira rinodzivirira rinobuda kubva kugovera kabhineti rekiti rinofanira kunge riri voltage-kumisa simba rekudzivirira kudzivirira sechikamu chechipiri chekudzivirira, uye mheni yaro ikozvino haifaniri kunge iri pasi pe20KA. Inofanira kuiswa muchiteshi chinopa simba kune zvakakosha kana zvinonzwisisika zvemagetsi emagetsi. Road distribution office.Idzi magetsi emagetsi anosunga mheni anogona zvirinani kutora simba rakasara rekuwedzera iro rakapfuura nepakati pechivhariso chemagetsi pamusuwo wemagetsi emushandisi, uye kuva nekudzvinyirira kuri nani kwekupfuura kwemagetsi.Iyo inodzivirira simba rekuvhiya inoshandiswa pano inoda huwandu hwesimba. ye45kA kana kupfuura pachikamu, uye inodiwa muganhu voltage inofanira kuva isingasviki 1200V. Inonzi CLASS Ⅱ simba rekuwedzera kudzivirira.Mushandisi mukuru wemagetsi ekugadzirisa magetsi anogona kuwana chechipiri chekudzivirira kuti asangane nezvinodiwa zvekushanda kwemagetsi emagetsi. Yechipiri-chikamu chemagetsi magetsi emagetsi anosunga anotora C-mhando dziviriro yechikamu-chepakati, chikamu-yepasi uye yepakati-yepasi-yakazara modhi yekudzivirira, kunyanya Iyo tekinoroji paramita ndeiyi: mheni iripo yakakura kupfuura kana yakaenzana ne40KA (8/ 20μs); iyo yakasara voltage peak kukosha haina kukura kupfuura 1000V; nguva yekupindura haisi yakakura kudarika 25ns.
Chinangwa chechikamu chechitatu chekudzivirira ndiyo nzira yekupedzisira yekudzivirira midziyo, kuderedza kukosha kwemhepo yakasara yekuputika kusvika pasi pe1000V, kuitira kuti simba rekuwedzera rirege kukuvadza midziyo.Mudziviriri wekudzivirira simba akaiswa pamagumo anouya. yeA AC magetsi emagetsi emagetsi ezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi anofanira kunge ari mutsara wemagetsi ekudzivirira simba rekudzivirira sechikamu chechitatu chekudzivirira, uye mheni yaro ikozvino simba haifaniri kunge iri pasi pe10KA. Mutsara wekupedzisira wekudzivirira unogona kushandisa simba rakavakwa. mheni inosunga mukati mesimba remukati remagetsi emidziyo yemagetsi kuti zvizadzise chinangwa chekubvisa zvachose diki diki diki overvoltage.Iyo magetsi ekudzivirira ekudzivirira anoshandiswa pano anoda huwandu hwekukanganisa huwandu hwe20KA kana kushoma pachikamu, uye inodiwa inogumira voltage inofanira kunge iri pasi pe. 1000V. Kune zvimwe zvakakosha kana zvakanyanya kutarisisa zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, zvinodikanwa kuve nedanho rechitatu rekudzivirira, uye rinogona saka chengetedza midziyo yemagetsi kubva pakupfuura overvoltage inogadzirwa mukati meiyo system.Kune rectifier magetsi anoshandiswa mumichina yekutaurirana yemicrowave, nharembozha yekutaurirana midziyo uye radar midziyo, zvinokurudzirwa kusarudza DC magetsi emagetsi anodzivirira akachinjirwa kumagetsi anoshanda se. kudzivirirwa kwekupedzisira maererano nekuchengetedzwa kwezvinodiwa zvekushanda kwayo voltage.Chiyero chechina uye pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kunobva pakumira kwevoltage level yemidziyo yakadzivirirwa. Kana iwo maviri mazinga ekudzivirira mheni anogona kudzikamisa voltage kuti ive yakaderera pane yekumira voltage level yemidziyo, maviri chete matanho ekudzivirira anodiwa. Kana iyo midziyo ine yakaderera inomira voltage level , Inogona kuda mana kana anopfuura mwero edziviriro.Iyo mheni ikozvino kugona kwechikamu chechina chekudzivirira haifanirwe kuve isingasviki 5KA.[3] Nheyo yekushanda yechikamu chevadziviriri vekuvhiya yakakamurwa kuita ⒈ chinja rudzi: chirevo chayo chekushanda ndechekuti kana pasina kukurumidza kuwedzeredza, inopa yakakwira impedance, asi kana ichinge yapindura kune mheni inopfuura overvoltage, impedance yayo inongoerekana yachinja kuita kukosha kwakaderera, kubvumira mheni Iyo yazvino inopfuura.Kana yakashandiswa semidziyo yakadaro, zvishandiso zvinosanganisira: gap rekuburitsa, gasi rinoburitsa chubhu, thyristor, etc.⒉Voltage-limiting type: Iro basa rayo rinopikisa zvakanyanya kana pasina kukurumidza kuwedzeredza, asi ne kuwedzera kwekuvhiya kwemazuva ano uye magetsi, impedance yayo icharamba ichiderera, uye maitiro ayo emazuva ano-voltage ane simba risingaiti.Zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa pamidziyo yakadaro ndezvi: zinc oxide, varistors, suppressor diodes, avalanche diodes, etc.⒊ Shunt type kana choke type shunt type: yakabatana pamwe chete nemidziyo yakadzivirirwa, inopa yakaderera impedance kune mheni pulse, uye inopa yakakwira impedance kune yakajairwa op. Erating frequency.Choke type: Munhevedzano nemidziyo yakadzivirirwa, inopa yakakwira impedance kumhepo yemheni, uye inopa yakaderera impedance kune yakajairwa kushanda frequency.Midziyo inoshandiswa pamidziyo yakadaro ndeiyi: coil, mafirita epamusoro, mafirita akaderera. , 1/4 wavelength pfupi-yedunhu zvishandiso, nezvimwe.
Zvinoenderana nechinangwa (1) Mudziviriri wesimba: AC simba rekudzivirira, DC simba rekudzivirira, switching simba rekudzivirira, etc.Iyo AC simba rekudzivirira mheni module inokodzera kuchengetedza simba remakamuri ekugovera magetsi, magetsi ekugovera makabati, switch makabati, AC uye DC magetsi ekugovera mapaneru, nezvimwewo; Kune kunze mabhokisi emagetsi ekugovera ekunze muchivako, uye kuvaka pasi mabhokisi emagetsi ekugovera; simba wave Surge vadziviriri vanoshandiswa kune yakaderera-voltage (220/380VAC) maindasitiri emagetsi magridi uye ehurumende magetsi grids; mumasisitimu emagetsi, anonyanya kushandiswa kune matatu-phase magetsi ekuisa kana kubuda mumagetsi emagetsi emukamuri huru yekudzora yekamuri ye otomatiki uye substation.Ikodzere akasiyana eDC magetsi emagetsi masisitimu, akadai se: DC simba rekugovera pani. ; DC magetsi ekushandisa; DC simba rekugovera bhokisi; electronic information system cabinet; Inobuditsa chechipiri chemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi.⑵Signal mudziviriri: yakaderera-frequency chiratidzo chekudzivirira, yakakwira-frequency chiratidzo chekudzivirira, antenna feeder mudziviriri, nezvimwewo ROUTER uye zvimwe zvetiweki midziyo yemheni inorova uye mheni electromagnetic pulse induced overvoltage dziviriro; ·Network room network network switch dziviriro; ·Network room server kuchengetedza; ·Network room imwe Dziviriro yemidziyo ine network interface; · 24-port yakabatanidzwa yekudzivirira mheni bhokisi rinonyanya kushandiswa kuchengetedzwa kwepakati kweakawanda-signal chiteshi mune akabatanidzwa network makabati uye bazi switch makabati. Signal surge protectors. Vhidhiyo chiratidzo chemheni kudzivirira zvishandiso zvinonyanya kushandiswa kune point-to-point vhidhiyo yechiratidzo michina. Iyo synergy dziviriro inogona kuchengetedza marudzi ese emidziyo yekufambisa mavhidhiyo kubva kunjodzi dzinokonzerwa nekurova kwemheni uye kuvhuvhuta kwemagetsi kubva pamutsetse wekutumira chiratidzo, uye inoshandawo kune RF kutapurirana pasi peiyo yakafanana kushanda voltage. bhokisi rekudzivirira rinonyanya kushandiswa kwepakati kudzivirira kwemidziyo yekudzora senge hard disk vhidhiyo rekodha uye vhidhiyo cutters mune yakabatanidzwa control cabinet.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-25-2021